1. The ray model of light shows the directions that the light rays travel when they're being emitted.
2. Feature not available.
3. -The directions that the rays travels.
-What objects are being affected or reflecting the light.
4.-The light can bounce off the object.
-The light can be absorbed by the object.
-The light can be reflected by the object.
Due to Materials:
- Light can go through.
- Obscured amount of light can go through.
- No light can go through.
8.a) Diffuse reflections are reflections of light from a rough surface while regular reflection is reflection of light from a smooth surface.
b) Diffuse reflection: Light reflecting of a paper bag.
Regular reflection: Mirror
11. The ray model can show where the basketball can theoretically bounce off light so it can outline the shape of the basketball.
12.A piece of wood has a rough unpolished surface while a piece of metal has a shiny, polished, and smoother surface. As we know polished and smoother surfaces provide better reflections therefore metal would work better.
Thursday 2 May 2013
10.1 Check and Reflect Questions Questions 3-13
3. Electromagnetic radiation are energy waves created by electromagnetic sources. An example of electromagnetic radiation: Radio waves.
4.a) In order (ascending): Ultraviolet, X-Ray, and Gamma Rays.
b) UV rays: Kills Bacteria, cleans water, and used for forensic purposes.
X-Ray: Medical Imaging.
Gamma Rays: Medical Imaging.
5.a) In order (ascending): Radio waves, Microwaves, Infrared waves.
b) Radio Waves: Communication.
Microwaves: Culinary purposes, Cooking.
Infrared Waves: Detect energy loss.
6. The higher the frequency, the shorter wavelength, and the higher power the electromagnetic radiation would have.
The lower the frequency, the longer wavelength, and the smaller power the electromagnetic radiation would have.
7. Violet, Blue, Green, Yellow, Orange, Red.
8.a) Red light has a longer wavelength.
b) Blue would have a higher frequency due to shorter wavelength.
9.They will see yellow when red light and green light overlap.
10.a) They both are types of electromagnetic radiation.
b) They both have different frequencies and wavelengths.
11.a) Very short wavelength.
b) Shorter wavelengths= higher frequency= deadlier radiation and higher radiation levels
higher radiation exposed to body can cause DNA mutations within cells and cancer.
12.a) Its probably going to appear black since no light is bouncing off the balloon (theoretically).
b) Its probably going to appear black since there is no light bouncing off the balloon.\
13. Since an object "bounces off" the colour of rays that are equivalent to its colour. In this case if you paint a house white, it would bounce off all the light rays since white light is made out of every colour within the spectrum. Therefore the building would not absorb any light energy to convert to heat which will keep it cool within the building
4.a) In order (ascending): Ultraviolet, X-Ray, and Gamma Rays.
b) UV rays: Kills Bacteria, cleans water, and used for forensic purposes.
X-Ray: Medical Imaging.
Gamma Rays: Medical Imaging.
5.a) In order (ascending): Radio waves, Microwaves, Infrared waves.
b) Radio Waves: Communication.
Microwaves: Culinary purposes, Cooking.
Infrared Waves: Detect energy loss.
6. The higher the frequency, the shorter wavelength, and the higher power the electromagnetic radiation would have.
The lower the frequency, the longer wavelength, and the smaller power the electromagnetic radiation would have.
7. Violet, Blue, Green, Yellow, Orange, Red.
8.a) Red light has a longer wavelength.
b) Blue would have a higher frequency due to shorter wavelength.
9.They will see yellow when red light and green light overlap.
10.a) They both are types of electromagnetic radiation.
b) They both have different frequencies and wavelengths.
11.a) Very short wavelength.
b) Shorter wavelengths= higher frequency= deadlier radiation and higher radiation levels
higher radiation exposed to body can cause DNA mutations within cells and cancer.
12.a) Its probably going to appear black since no light is bouncing off the balloon (theoretically).
b) Its probably going to appear black since there is no light bouncing off the balloon.\
13. Since an object "bounces off" the colour of rays that are equivalent to its colour. In this case if you paint a house white, it would bounce off all the light rays since white light is made out of every colour within the spectrum. Therefore the building would not absorb any light energy to convert to heat which will keep it cool within the building
Monday 15 April 2013
Blood breakthrough at Mac Questions
1.The kind of cells used to create blood cells in this article was skin cells.
2.Patients no longer need to wait for bone-marrow donors and can receive treatment much quicker since now they can grow blood from patches of their skin.
3.They based their research on original stem cell research.
4.A)Skin cells are put into a bath with special proteins to promote them into growing into stem cells.
B) A special environment is provided to these newly made stem cells so they will grow into blood cells.
5. Research on how to do this with many other stem cells can form due to this new foundation in this type of research.
2.Patients no longer need to wait for bone-marrow donors and can receive treatment much quicker since now they can grow blood from patches of their skin.
3.They based their research on original stem cell research.
4.A)Skin cells are put into a bath with special proteins to promote them into growing into stem cells.
B) A special environment is provided to these newly made stem cells so they will grow into blood cells.
5. Research on how to do this with many other stem cells can form due to this new foundation in this type of research.
Monday 8 April 2013
1.2 Check and Reflect
1. A.Interphase:
1.Gap 1 Growth: The cell grows until the synthesis stage.
2.Synthesis: The cell duplicates its DNA during this stage.
3.Gap 2 Growth: The cell continues to grow in preparation for Mitosis (Cell Division).
B.Mitosis:
4.Prophase: Chromatins are condensed into Chomosomes and mitotic spindle fibers form in this stage.
5.Metaphase: Chormosomes move up to the spindle fibers where they're connected to two poles at least their Centomeres.
6.Anaphase: Sister Chromatids are separated at the Centromere separated chromosomes move to the opposite ends of the cell.
7.Telophase: Nuclear membrane form around each set of daughter chromosomes. The Nucleolus reappear in both cells and the chromosomes unwind into chromatins
9.Cytokenisis: Cytoplasm seperates.
2. - In plant cells there are no Centrioles to control spindle fibers but instead a Centrosome.
- A Cell plate forms during mitosis in plant cells.
3. Apoptosis is when a cell destroys itself due to its irregularities and its failure to perform its tasks normally.
4. -Difference: Only plant cells make cell plates during Mitosis.
-Simularity: They both go through Prophase during Mitosis.
5. Cancer cells are cells that have irregularities in their DNA that causes them to skip most of Interphase and get into Mitosis in a short amount of time. This means that cancer cells will divide much quicker than the native cells and eventually out competing its original cell species.
7. Mitosis make repairs of organism cells possible since when cells divide it provides a new fresh cell to replace an worn out cell.
8. We expect this since cells would not over produce and die due to the lack of resources. Also we expect cells to be spending most of its time in Interphase since it requires a lot of resources for a cell to divide and produce a new healthy cell instead of an unhealthy cell.
10. - Cancer cells lack most of the Interphase section in the cell cycle.
- It undergoes Mitosis much faster.
- Cancer cells don't do anything and is smaller in size.
1.Gap 1 Growth: The cell grows until the synthesis stage.
2.Synthesis: The cell duplicates its DNA during this stage.
3.Gap 2 Growth: The cell continues to grow in preparation for Mitosis (Cell Division).
B.Mitosis:
4.Prophase: Chromatins are condensed into Chomosomes and mitotic spindle fibers form in this stage.
5.Metaphase: Chormosomes move up to the spindle fibers where they're connected to two poles at least their Centomeres.
6.Anaphase: Sister Chromatids are separated at the Centromere separated chromosomes move to the opposite ends of the cell.
7.Telophase: Nuclear membrane form around each set of daughter chromosomes. The Nucleolus reappear in both cells and the chromosomes unwind into chromatins
9.Cytokenisis: Cytoplasm seperates.
2. - In plant cells there are no Centrioles to control spindle fibers but instead a Centrosome.
- A Cell plate forms during mitosis in plant cells.
3. Apoptosis is when a cell destroys itself due to its irregularities and its failure to perform its tasks normally.
4. -Difference: Only plant cells make cell plates during Mitosis.
-Simularity: They both go through Prophase during Mitosis.
5. Cancer cells are cells that have irregularities in their DNA that causes them to skip most of Interphase and get into Mitosis in a short amount of time. This means that cancer cells will divide much quicker than the native cells and eventually out competing its original cell species.
7. Mitosis make repairs of organism cells possible since when cells divide it provides a new fresh cell to replace an worn out cell.
8. We expect this since cells would not over produce and die due to the lack of resources. Also we expect cells to be spending most of its time in Interphase since it requires a lot of resources for a cell to divide and produce a new healthy cell instead of an unhealthy cell.
10. - Cancer cells lack most of the Interphase section in the cell cycle.
- It undergoes Mitosis much faster.
- Cancer cells don't do anything and is smaller in size.
A9 Quick Lab- Comparing Cancer Cells and Normal Cells
1. Diagram b in figure 1.35 represents cancerous cells within a batch of normal cells.
2. In 60 months which is five years, the tumor will be large enough to be felt through the skin with hands.
3. I know that diagram b in figure 1.35 is represents cancerous cells since the cells have abnormal color, size , and shape compared to the other cells.
4. The cancer cells over reproduced irregularly to create a tumor.
5. If the cancerous cells were left untreated then the cancer cells would spread to other parts of the body through the blood vessel.
6. Visual inspection can't give a precise view on the cancer's distance from the blood vessel.
2. In 60 months which is five years, the tumor will be large enough to be felt through the skin with hands.
3. I know that diagram b in figure 1.35 is represents cancerous cells since the cells have abnormal color, size , and shape compared to the other cells.
4. The cancer cells over reproduced irregularly to create a tumor.
5. If the cancerous cells were left untreated then the cancer cells would spread to other parts of the body through the blood vessel.
6. Visual inspection can't give a precise view on the cancer's distance from the blood vessel.
Tuesday 5 March 2013
Section 5.1 Questions 1-2 Page 201
1.a) potassium hydroxide
b) calcium hydroxide
c) magnesium hydroxide
d) ammonium hydroxide
2. Hydroxide is found at the end of bases
b) calcium hydroxide
c) magnesium hydroxide
d) ammonium hydroxide
2. Hydroxide is found at the end of bases
Section 5.1 Questions 1-5 Page 197
1. The solution with a pH level of 11 is basic.
2. The solution with a pH level of 5 is acidic.
3. The pH of pure or distilled water is 7.
4. No you cannot since blue lithmus paper only can create two chemical reactions that would result in the paper staying blue or becoming red. Therefore blue lithmus paper cannot determine the level of acidity or how basic a substance is exactly but can only tell if the substance is a base or acid.
5. The advantage of a universal indicator is that it can show how acidic or basic a substance is exactly.
2. The solution with a pH level of 5 is acidic.
3. The pH of pure or distilled water is 7.
4. No you cannot since blue lithmus paper only can create two chemical reactions that would result in the paper staying blue or becoming red. Therefore blue lithmus paper cannot determine the level of acidity or how basic a substance is exactly but can only tell if the substance is a base or acid.
5. The advantage of a universal indicator is that it can show how acidic or basic a substance is exactly.
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